January / February 2024

Government announces changes to proposed 'Stage 3' tax cuts

Despite previous assurances, and after much speculation, the Government has announced tweaks to the 'Stage 3' tax cuts that will apply from 1 July 2024.
More particularly, the Government proposes to:
 reduce the 19% tax rate to 16%;
 reduce the 32.5% tax rate to 30% for incomes between $45,000 and a new $135,000 threshold;
 increase the threshold at which the 37% tax rate applies from $120,000 to $135,000; and
 increase the threshold at which the 45% tax rate applies from $180,000 to $190,000.

The Medicare levy low-income thresholds for the 2024 income year will also be increased.

Changes in reporting requirements for sporting clubs

Not-for-profits ('NFPs'), including sporting clubs, societies and associations with an active ABN,
need to lodge an annual NFP self-review return to continue accessing their income tax exemption.
The main purpose of a sporting organisation must be the encouragement of a game, sport or
animal racing. Any other purpose of the organisation must be incidental, ancillary or secondary.
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The organisation's governing documents will help identify the purpose for which it was set up, and
the organisation's activities in the year of income must then demonstrate that the main purpose is
the encouragement of its game, sport or animal racing.

NFP organisations need to lodge their first NFP self-review return for the 2024 income year
between 1 July and 31 October 2024.
NFP organisations with their own ABN need to complete their own NFP self-review return even if
they are affiliated with a broader sporting group.

If an NFP organisation does not lodge the return, they may become ineligible for an income tax
exemption and penalties may apply.
If you need more information about this recent development, please contact our office.

Deductions denied for work-related expenses

The Administrative Appeals Tribunal ('AAT') recently held that a taxpayer should not be allowed deductions for various work-related expenses, largely because the substantiation requirements had not been satisfied.
The taxpayer, a real estate salesperson, claimed tax deductions for the 2018 to 2020 income years,
during which time he derived income from his employment with a real estate company.
However, the ATO disallowed the taxpayer's claims for various work-related expenses,
including car expenses, and gifts and donations. 

The AAT agreed with the ATO, and held that the expenses claimed were not deductible and that
the taxpayer had failed to substantiate his claims.
The taxpayer had claimed deductions for car expenses using the logbook method, but the AAT
noted that the car was owned by a company and was not leased to the taxpayer. Therefore, the car
was not 'held' by the taxpayer, as required by the logbook method. The taxpayer's logbook also
lacked "sufficient specificity" for this method.
While the taxpayer produced credit card statements and telephone tax invoices (in relation
to credit card interest and telephone expenses), it was not clear from these documents whether the
costs claimed related to work expenses.
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The taxpayer sought to rely on bank transaction statements in relation to other expenses, but they
were considered to be insufficient, as it was unclear from these statements what the relevant
expense was, how the expense was incurred in earning the taxpayer's assessable income, and
any apportionment between business and personal use.
There were also no receipts or tax invoices for any of the claimed donations.

Sale of land subject to GST

The AAT recently held that the sale of land by a taxpayer was subject to GST, as it was a supply made in the course of an enterprise being carried on by the taxpayer.
The taxpayer purchased a single parcel of land in 2013 for $1.6 million, and he subsequently took
steps for the land to be subdivided and rezoned. 

He then sold the land in 2021 for $4.25 million before the subdivision was completed.
The ATO advised the taxpayer that the sale of the land was subject to GST as a taxable supply under
the GST Act.
The taxpayer objected to the GST assessment on the following grounds:
 the sale of the property was not made by him in the course of his enterprise; and
 as the property was the taxpayer's residential premises, it was an input taxed supply, so no GST should apply anyway.
However, the AAT agreed with the ATO that the sale of the property was subject to GST as a supply made in the course of the taxpayer's enterprise.
The AAT first noted that the sale of the property was not an input taxed supply of residential
premises because the buildings on the property were uninhabitable, and so the property did not meet the definition of 'residential premises' in the GST Act.

The AAT also held that the taxpayer's development works were in "the form of a business", even if he was not in the business of being a property developer. Relevant factors included the scale of the operations that the taxpayer was involved in (including rezoning and subdividing the property), as well as the amount of
capital invested by him in the purchase of the property and development works.
The taxpayer's "series of activities" throughout his ownership of the property therefore amounted to
the carrying on of an enterprise, and the taxpayer was liable to pay GST on the sale of the property.

Melbourne man sentenced to jail for attempting to defraud the ATO

A Wheelers Hill man was recently sentenced to three years and six months imprisonment for
defrauding the ATO of nearly $35,000 and attempting to defraud the ATO of a further
$458,000, following a joint investigation by the Australian Federal Police ('AFP') and ATO's
serious financial crime taskforce.
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The investigation began in June 2020, after the ATO linked the man to a number of suspicious
claims, including 40 fraudulent applications for JobKeeper.

New ATO guidance on "who is an employee?"

The ATO recently issued a ruling which explains when an individual is an 'employee' of an entity for
pay as you go ('PAYG') withholding purposes.
A useful approach for establishing whether or not a worker is an employee of an engaging entity is
to consider whether the worker is working in the business of the engaging entity, based on the
construction of the terms of the relevant contract.
Importantly, the fact that a worker may be conducting their own business, including having an ABN, is not determinative.
If you need help with this important issue, please contact our office.

Please note: Many of the comments in this publication are general in nature and anyone intending to apply the information to practical circumstances should seek professional advice to independently verify their interpretation and the information’s applicability to their particular circumstances.